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.Certeau
(2021)
In this paper, we propose and simulate a new type of three-dimensional (3D) optical splitter based on multimode interference (MMI) for the wavelength of 1550 nm. The splitter was proposed on the square basis with the width of 20 x 20 µm2 using the IP-Dip polymer as a standard material for 3D laser lithography. We present the optical field distribution in the proposed MMI splitter and its integration possibility on optical fiber. The design is aimed to the possible fabrication process using the 3D laser lithography for forthcoming experiments.
We present a new concept of 3D polymer-based 1 × 4 beam splitter for wavelength splitting around 1550 nm. The beam splitter consists of IP-Dip polymer as a core and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Sylgard 184 as a cladding. The splitter was designed and simulated with two different photonics tools and the results show high splitting ratio for single-mode and multi-mode operation with low losses. Based on the simulations, a 3D beam splitter was designed and realized using direct laser writing (DLW) process with adaptation to coupling to standard single-mode fiber. With respect to the technological limits, the multi-mode splitter having core of (4 × 4) μm 2 was designed and fabricated together with supporting stable mechanical construction. Splitting properties were investigated by intensity monitoring of splitter outputs using optical microscopy and near-field scanning optical microscopy. In the development phase, the optical performance of fabricated beam splitter was examined by splitting of short visible wavelengths using red light emitting diode. Finally, the splitting of 1550 nm laser light was studied in detail by near-field measurements and compared with the simulated results. The nearly single-mode operation was observed and the shape of propagating mode and mode field diameter was well recognized.
Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study is to explore the of self-initiated expatriates prior to and during acculturation to life in a smaller periphery region such as Vorarlberg, Austria. By providing insights into their lived experience this research aims to fill in the gaps of missing information on motivators, success factors to adjustment, issues, and stressors, and more that SIEs experience when adjusting. Specifically, what items promote adjustment and what items hinder adjustment.
Findings: Developed a better understanding of how and what motivational factors lead to expatriation. Furthermore, that opportunities arise by chance. During acculturation, language factors (dialect), cultural differences act as stressors. While social support, and organizational support, learning of the language act as promoters of acculturation.
Further Research could be done including ethnicities, SIEs moving from developed to developing countries, adjustment in regions with dialect vs no dialect.
Key words: self-initiated expatriates, expatriation, acculturation, adjustment, promoting acculturation, hindering acculturation.
Diese Arbeit hat die Untersuchung der Frage, wie Mitarbeiter:innen agile Führung inmitten der COVID-19-Krise wahrnehmen, zum Ziel. Die leitende Forschungsfrage lautet: „Wie erfolgreich ist agile Führung in Zeiten der COVID-19-Pandemie aus Mitarbeitendensicht?“ Hierbei wird die Führungssituation anhand der aktuellen Veränderungstreiber und der COVID-19-Pandemie kontextualisiert. Daraufhin wird nach einem Aufriss der Historie verschiedener Führungstheorien, die agile Führung näher betrachtet. Im Rahmen dieser Aufarbeitung wird agiles Führungsverhalten definiert, welches für die fortführende quantitative Empirie von zentraler Bedeutung ist. Anschließend werden die erlangten Daten aus einer durchgeführten Onlinebefragung ausgewertet und analysiert. Als Gegenstand der Untersuchung werden verschiedene Hypothesen im Hinblick auf Wirkungszusammenhänge zwischen agilem Führungsverhalten und der Zufriedenheit der Mitarbeitenden aufgestellt.
With Cloud Computing and multi-core CPUs parallel computing resources are becoming more and more affordable and commonly available. Parallel programming should as well be easily accessible for everyone. Unfortunately, existing frameworks and systems are powerful but often very complex to use for anyone who lacks the knowledge about underlying concepts. This paper introduces a software framework and execution environment whose objective is to provide a system which should be easily usable for everyone who could benefit from parallel computing. Some real-world examples are presented with an explanation of all the steps that are necessary for computing in a parallel and distributed manner.
Neben klassischen Kennzahlen, welche nach einem anerkannten Rechnungslegungsstandard (z.B. IFRS) berechnet werden, sind häufig auch sogenannte alternative Leistungskennzahlen in Geschäftsberichten oder Investor-Relations Unterlagen mit ausgewiesen. Diese erfreuen sich zunehmender Beliebtheit bei börsennotierten Unternehmen, da unternehmensspezifische Anpassungen vorgenommen werden können. Folglich wird eine unternehmensübergreifende Vergleichbarkeit erschwert, wodurch zunehmend Regulierungen durch entsprechende Institutionen erfolgen. In dieser Arbeit kann aufgezeigt werden, dass die gewünschte Transparenz länderübergreifend sehr stark abweicht und diese Regelungen noch nicht vollumfänglich durch die Unternehmen umgesetzt wurden.
Neben der tatsächlichen Verwendung von alternativen Leistungskennzahlen ist es von Interesse ob diese Kennzahlen zusätzlichen Erklärungsgehalt für den Unternehmenswert beinhalten. Dabei kann innerhalb der Arbeit aufgezeigt werden, dass das EBITDA, der Free Cash-Flow oder die Nettoverschuldung einen Mehrwert in der Analyse bieten können. Je nach länder-, regionalen-, branchen- oder währungsspezifischen Charakteristika haben unterschiedliche Kennzahlen einen signifikanten Einfluss auf den Unternehmenswert und können somit einen Mehrwert in der Analyse bieten.