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Entangled photon generation at 1550 nm in the telecom C-band is of critical importance as it enables the realization of quantum communication protocols over long distance using deployed telecommunication infrastructure. InAs epitaxial quantum dots have recently enabled on-demand generation of entangled photons in this wavelength range. However, time-dependent state evolution, caused by the fine-structure splitting, currently limits the fidelity to a specific entangled state. Here, we show fine-structure suppression for InAs quantum dots using micromachined piezoelectric actuators and demonstrate generation of highly entangled photons at 1550 nm. At the lowest fine-structure setting, we obtain a maximum fidelity of 90.0 ± 2.7% (concurrence of 87.5 ± 3.1%). The concurrence remains high also for moderate (weak) temporal filtering, with values close to 80% (50%), corresponding to 30% (80%) of collected photons, respectively. The presented fine-structure control opens the way for exploiting entangled photons from quantum dots in fiber-based quantum communication protocols.
IBH Living Lab AAL
(2021)
Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) is a passive optical component, which have found applications in a wide range of photonic applications including telecommunications and medicine. Silica-on-Silicon (SoS) based AWGs use a low refractive-index contrast between the core (waveguide) and the cladding which leads to some significant advantages such as low propagation losses and low fiber coupling losses between the AWG waveguides and the fibres. Therefore, they are an attractive DWDM solution offering higher channel count technology and good performance characteristics compared to other methods. However, the very low refractive-index contrast means the bending radius of the waveguides needs to be very large (on the order of several millimeters) and may not fall below a particular critical value to suppress bending losses. As a result, silica-based waveguide devices usually have a very large size that limits the integration density of SiO2-based photonic integrated devices. High-index contrast AWGs (such as silicon, silicon nitride or polymer-based waveguide devices) feature much smaller waveguide size compared to low index contrast AWGs. Such compact devices can easily be implemented on a chip and have already found applications in emerging applications such as optical sensors, devices for DNA diagnostics and optical spectrometers for infrared spectroscopy.In this work, we present the design, simulation, technological verification and applications of both, the low-index contrast and high-index contrast AWGs. For telecommunication applications AWG-MUX/Demux with up to 128-channels will be presented. For medical applications the AWG-spectrometer with up to 512-channels will be presented.This work was carried out in the framework of the projects: ADOPT No. SK-AT-20-0012, NOVASiN No. SK-AT-20-0017 and AUTOPIC No. APVV-17-0662 from Slovak research and development agency of Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and No. SK 07/2021 and SK 08/2021 from Austrian Agency for International Cooperation in Education and Research (OeAD-GmbH); and project PASTEL, no. 2020-10-15-001, funded by SAIA.
A Telecom optical fibers are still being the best transmission medium of digital data and analogue signals for long distance applications. Progress in integrated photonics enables development of photonic chips with new unique properties, circuits of the future, and overcomes current limits in information and communication technologies. The packaging of photonic chips is necessary for taking them out of research laboratories into real implementation in the information and communication technology applications. One important step of packaging is effective coupling of optical radiation between telecom optical fiber with ten microns core dimension and photonic chip optical waveguide with submicron dimensions. For complex photonic chips, it is necessary to couple not one optical fiber but several optical fibers, which are arranged in fiber arrays. In this case, it is necessary to use a 6D positioning system, which allows to optimally adjust the relative position of the photonic chip and the fiber arrays. After setting the optimal relative position of the photonic chip and the fiber array, the process of their fixation follows. One possibility of fixation is gluing with an adhesive in the optical path between the photonic chip and an array of optical fibers with a refractive index close to the refractive index of the optical fiber core. This paper is focused on the experimental test set-up for the temperature characterization of fiber array to photonics chip butt coupling at 1310 nm and 1550 nm wavelengths fixed themselves by UV adhesive in the optical path. The main aims of this works are selection of better adhesive from two types for gluing of photonic chip and fiber array in packaging process of photonics chips and validation of gluing process developing. The coupling and alignment of fiber arrays to photonics chip were done by automated active alignments system and they were fixed themselves by curable epoxy adhesive. Temperature changes of coupling insertion losses are measured and investigated for two different UV adhesives during three temperature cycles from -40 °C to 80 °C in climatic chamber according to Telcordia. Spectral dependence of insertion losses were measured and compared before and after three temperature cycles for 1530 nm to 1570 nm spectral range at room temperature.
This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contracts APVV-17-0662 and SK-AT-20-0017 and by the COST Action “European Network for High Performance Integrated Microwave Photonics” (EUIMWP) CA16220.
In this paper, design of 1×8 multimode interference passive optical splitter is proposed. The structure of the splitter is designed based on a silicon nitride material platform. This work aims to find the minimum physical dimensions of the designed splitters with the satisfactory optical performance. According to the minimum insertion loss and minimum non-uniformity, the optimum length of the splitters is determined.
Femtosecond laser ablation on Si generates 2D ripple structures, known as laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) and pinholes. We fabricated membranes with 20 to 50 μm thickness perforated by an array of tapered pinholes up to 5 μm in diameter and 10 to 20 μm spacing. Within several micrometer the pinholes transform into hollow photonic waveguides with constant diameter from 1μm to 2μm. Such structures offer a 3D photonic coupling device for polymer Y-branch- and MMI-splitter. We measured a considerable change of electrical resistivity for 500 ppm H2 in air using Si/SiO2/TiO2 substrates with 2D LIPSS. We propose to investigate 3D waveguide arrays also for photonic-chemical sensors.
In this paper we report on the experimental test set-up for the temperature characterization of fiber array to photonics chip butt coupling at 1310 nm and 1550 nm wavelengths. The alignment and gluing of fiber arrays to photonics chip were done by automated active alignments system and they were fixed themselves by UV curable epoxy adhesive. Temperature changes of coupling insertion losses are measured and investigated for two different UV adhesives during three temperature cycles from -40 °C to 80 °C in climatic chamber. Spectral dependence of insertion losses was measured and compared before and after three temperature cycles for 1530 nm to 1570 nm spectral range at room temperature.
We present design, simulation and optimization of polymer based 16-channel, 100-GHz AWG designed for central wavelength of 1550 nm. The input design parameters were calculated applying AWG-Parameters tool. The simulations were performed applying a commercial photonic tool PHASAR from Optiwave. The achieved transmission characteristics were evaluated by AWG-Analyzer tool and show a satisfying agreement between designed and simulated AWG optical properties. Finally, the influence of the number of phased array (PA) waveguides on the AWG performance was studied. The results show that there is a certain minimum number of PA waveguides necessary to reach sufficient AWG performance.
This paper presents the design, simulation, and optimization of a 1×128 multimode interference (MMI) splitter with a silica-on-silicon channel profile. This work aims to study the influence of the different S-Bend output waveguide shapes at the end of the MMI coupler on the final optical properties. The 1×128 MMI splitters have been simulated using beam propagation method in OptiBPM software. The optical properties of all considered splitters with different shapes of outputs waveguides are discussed and compared with each other. Based on the minimum insertion loss and non-uniformity, the final shape of output waveguides, ensuring the lowest losses, is determined.
Today, optics and photonics is widely regarded as one of the most important key technologies for this century. Many experts even anticipate that the 21st century will be century of photon much as the 20th century was the century of electron. Optics and photonics technologies affect almost all areas of our life and cover a wide range of applications in science and industry, e.g. in information and communication technology, in medicine, life science engineering as well as in energy and environmental technology. However even so attractive, the photonics is not well known by most people. To motivate especially young generation for optics and photonics we worked out a lecture related to the “light” for children aged eight to twelve years. We have prepared many experiments to explain the nature of light and its applications in our everyday life. Finally, we focused on the optical data transmission, i.e. how modern communication over optical networks works. To reach many children at home we recorded this lecture and offered it as a video online in the frame of children’s university at Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences. By combining the hands-on teaching with having a fun while learning about the basic optics concepts we aroused interest of many children with a very positive feedback.
The increasing digitalisation of daily routines confronts people with frequent privacy decisions. However, obscure data processing often leads to tedious decision-making and results in unreflective choices that unduly compromise privacy. Serious Games could be applied to encourage teenagers and young adults to make more thoughtful privacy decisions. Creating a Serious Game (SG) that promotes privacy awareness while maintaining an engaging gameplay requires, however, a carefully balanced game concept. This study explores the benefits of an online role-playing boardgame as a co-designing activity for creating SGs about privacy. In a between-subjects trial, student groups and educator/researcher groups were taking the roles of player, teacher, researcher and designer to co-design a balanced privacy SG concept. Using predefined design proposal cards or creating their own, students and educators played the online boardgame during a video conference session to generate game ideas, resolve potential conflicts and balance the different SG aspects. The comparative results of the present study indicate that students and educators alike perceive support from role-playing when ideating and balancing SG concepts and are happy with their playfully co-designed game concepts. Implications for supporting SG design with role-playing in remote collaboration scenarios are conclusively synthesised.
Mentoring wird traditionell als unterstützende Beziehung zwischen einer (zumindest in einem Teilbereich) weniger erfahrenen und erfahreneren Person gesehen, wobei sich die Inhalte und Zielsetzungen je nach Kontext und beteiligter Personen unterscheiden. Es wird im englischsprachigen Umfeld schon seit vielen Jahren praktiziert und gewinnt im europäischen und auch deutschsprachigen Bereich zunehmend an Popularität.
Ausgehend von meiner eigenen Tätigkeit und Erfahrung als Mentorin für zwei Teams von jungen ostafrikanischen Sozialunternehmern, bin ich der Frage nachgegangen, wie sich interkulturelle Mentoring-Beziehungen durch Design unterstützen und wie sich eine gestaltete Intervention drei weitere Ziele auf dem Weg erreichen lassen – die beidseitige Lernerfahrung reichhaltig gestalten; das Soziale Kapital (Social Capital) beider, des Mentees und Mentors, erhöhen und diversifizieren; und die Wertschätzung für Vielfalt, über die Beziehung hinaus, steigern.
Durch die verstärkte Migration, z.B. bedingt durch den Fachkräftemangel und berufliche Mobilität ganz allgemein, sowie die Internationalisierung von Unternehmen, sehe ich Bedarf für eine Lösung. Forschungsergebnisse von Voigt (2013) denen nach Mentoring in deutschen Tech-Unternehmen eher als „Anpassungsinstrument“ eingesetzt wird, und damit Potentiale, die durch Zusammentreffen von Menschen unterschiedlicher Hintergründe entstehen, vernachlässigt werden, haben mich zusätzlich in meiner Annahme bestätigt.
Neben extensiver Literaturrecherche, Expert:innen-Interviews, diversen Erhebungen zur Einschätzung von Mentoring und Diversität bzw. der Zusammenarbeit von Menschen diverser kultureller Hintergründe, habe ich außerdem eigene Erfahrungen per Selbstethnografie erfasst. Die resultierenden Erkenntnisse, sind in Übungen bzw. Werkzeuge und ein Spiral-Model für Interkulturelle Mentoring-Beziehungen eingeflossen.
Zusammen mit Information zu den Themen Mentoring, Kultur und Lernen, wurden diese in einem Mentoring Playbook zusammengestellt. Diversität und die daraus entstehenden Potentiale wurden konsequent auch in die Gestaltung einbezogen, u.a. durch die Zusammenarbeit mit Gestalter:innen aus vier verschiedenen Ländern.