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Keywords
- photonics (6)
- Laser ablation (5)
- Soziale Arbeit (5)
- arrayed waveguide gratings (5)
- Ausscheidung (4)
- Controlling (4)
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- Y-branch splitter (4)
- 3D MMI splitter (3)
- Arrayed waveguide gratings (3)
In this paper, a 256-channel, 10-GHz arrayed waveguide gratings demultiplexer for ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing was designed using an in-house developed tool called AWG-Parameters. The AWG demultiplexer was designed for a central wavelength of 1550 nm and the structure was simulated in PHASAR tool from Optiwave. Two different AWG designs were developed and the influence of the design parameters on the AWG performance was studied.
The paper shows concepts of optical splitting based on three dimensional (3D) optical splitters based on multimode interference principle. This paper is focused on the design, fabrication and characterization of 3D MMI splitter with formed output waveguides based on IP-Dip polymer for direct application on optical fiber. The MMI optical splitter was simulated and fabricated using direct laser writing process. Output characteristics were characterized by highly resolved near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) and compared with 3D MMI splitter without output waveguides.
In this paper, we document optical splitters based on Y-branch and also on MMI splitting principle. The 1×4 Y-branch splitter was prepared in 3D geometry fully from polymer approaching the single mode transmission at 1550 nm. We also prepared new concept of 1×4 MMI optical splitter. Their optical properties and character of output optical field were measured by near-field scanning optical microscope. Splitting properties and optical outputs of both splitters are very promising and increase an attractiveness of presented 3D technology and polymers.
We present a new concept of 3D polymer-based 1 × 4 beam splitter for wavelength splitting around 1550 nm. The beam splitter consists of IP-Dip polymer as a core and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Sylgard 184 as a cladding. The splitter was designed and simulated with two different photonics tools and the results show high splitting ratio for single-mode and multi-mode operation with low losses. Based on the simulations, a 3D beam splitter was designed and realized using direct laser writing (DLW) process with adaptation to coupling to standard single-mode fiber. With respect to the technological limits, the multi-mode splitter having core of (4 × 4) μm 2 was designed and fabricated together with supporting stable mechanical construction. Splitting properties were investigated by intensity monitoring of splitter outputs using optical microscopy and near-field scanning optical microscopy. In the development phase, the optical performance of fabricated beam splitter was examined by splitting of short visible wavelengths using red light emitting diode. Finally, the splitting of 1550 nm laser light was studied in detail by near-field measurements and compared with the simulated results. The nearly single-mode operation was observed and the shape of propagating mode and mode field diameter was well recognized.
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore the exogenous and endogenous drivers of the high-growth of Unicorn start-ups along their life cycle, with a particular focus on Unicorns in the fintech industry.
Design/methodology/approach – The study employs an explorative longitudinal analysis with a matched pair of two cases of Unicorns start-ups with similar antecedent features to understand holistically drivers over the longer term.
Findings – High-growth patterns over the longer term are the result of a combined industry- and company-life cycle perspective. Drivers and growth patterns vary significantly according to the time of entry in the industry and
its development status. The findings are systematised within a set of propositions to be tested in future research.
Research limitations/implications – The limitations lie in empirical evidence, as the analysis is limited to one matched-pair. The revealed Unicorns’ drivers for long-term growth might encourage future research to further investigate these drivers on a larger scale.
Practical implications – The study offers practical recommendations for start-ups with high-growth ambitions and advice to policy makers regarding the development of tailor-made support programs.
Originality/value – The study significantly extends extant work on growth and high-growth by examining endogenous and exogenous triggers over time and by linking the Unicorn-life cycle to the industry life cycle, an approach which has, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, not yet been applied.
A modified matrix adaptation evolution strategy with restarts for constrained real-world problems
(2020)
In combination with successful constraint handling techniques, a Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (MA-ES) variant (the εMAg-ES) turned out to be a competitive algorithm on the constrained optimization problems proposed for the CEC 2018 competition on constrained single objective real-parameter optimization. A subsequent analysis points to additional potential in terms of robustness and solution quality. The consideration of a restart scheme and adjustments in the constraint handling techniques put this into effect and simplify the configuration. The resulting BP-εMAg-ES algorithm is applied to the constrained problems proposed for the IEEE CEC 2020 competition on Real-World Single-Objective Constrained optimization. The novel MA-ES variant realizes improvements over the original εMAg-ES in terms of feasibility and effectiveness on many of the real-world benchmarks. The BP-εMAg-ES realizes a feasibility rate of 100% on 44 out of 57 real-world problems and improves the best-known solution in 5 cases.
A multi-recombinative active matrix adaptation evolution strategy for constrained optimization
(2019)
Issues with professional conduct and discrimination against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT+) people in health and social care, continue to exist in most EU countries and worldwide.
The project IENE9 titled: “Developing a culturally competent and compassionate LGBT+ curriculum in health and social care education” aims to enable teacher/trainers of theory and practice to enhance their skills regarding LGBT+ issues and develop teaching tools to support the inclusion of LGBT+ issues within health and social care curricula. The newly culturally competent and compassionate LGBT+ curriculum will be delivered though a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) which is aimed at health and social care workers, professionals and learners across Europe and worldwide.
We have identified educational policies and guidelines at institutions teaching in health and social care, taken into account for developing the learning/teaching resources. The MOOC will be an innovative training model based on the Papadopoulos (2014) model for “Culturally Competent Compassion”. The module provides a logical and easy to follow structure based on its four constructs 'Culturally Aware and Compassionate Learning', 'Culturally Knowledgeable and Compassionate Learning', 'Culturally Sensitive and Compassionate Learning', 'Culturally Competent and Compassionate Learning'.
Specific training may result in better knowledge and skills of the health and social care workforce, which helps to reduce inequalities and communication with LGBT+ people, as well as diminishing the feelings of stigma or discrimination experienced.
Alles muss raus
(2022)
Analysis of the (μ/μI,λ)-CSA-ES with repair by projection applied to a conically constrained problem
(2019)
Armut im Blick?
(2023)
Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) is a passive optical component, which have found applications in a wide range of photonic applications including telecommunications and medicine. Silica-on-Silicon (SoS) based AWGs use a low refractive-index contrast between the core (waveguide) and the cladding which leads to some significant advantages such as low propagation losses and low fiber coupling losses between the AWG waveguides and the fibres. Therefore, they are an attractive DWDM solution offering higher channel count technology and good performance characteristics compared to other methods. However, the very low refractive-index contrast means the bending radius of the waveguides needs to be very large (on the order of several millimeters) and may not fall below a particular critical value to suppress bending losses. As a result, silica-based waveguide devices usually have a very large size that limits the integration density of SiO2-based photonic integrated devices. High-index contrast AWGs (such as silicon, silicon nitride or polymer-based waveguide devices) feature much smaller waveguide size compared to low index contrast AWGs. Such compact devices can easily be implemented on a chip and have already found applications in emerging applications such as optical sensors, devices for DNA diagnostics and optical spectrometers for infrared spectroscopy.In this work, we present the design, simulation, technological verification and applications of both, the low-index contrast and high-index contrast AWGs. For telecommunication applications AWG-MUX/Demux with up to 128-channels will be presented. For medical applications the AWG-spectrometer with up to 512-channels will be presented.This work was carried out in the framework of the projects: ADOPT No. SK-AT-20-0012, NOVASiN No. SK-AT-20-0017 and AUTOPIC No. APVV-17-0662 from Slovak research and development agency of Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and No. SK 07/2021 and SK 08/2021 from Austrian Agency for International Cooperation in Education and Research (OeAD-GmbH); and project PASTEL, no. 2020-10-15-001, funded by SAIA.
Ausscheidungsmanagement
(2021)
Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Auswirkungen der Covid-Pandemie auf die Finanzierungssituation von Unternehmen in Vorarlberg. Besonderes Augenmerk wird dabei auf kleine und mittlere Unternehmen sowie deren Eigenkapitalausstattung gelegt. Die Analyse erfolgt anhand einer quantitativen Befragung von 569 Unternehmen im Zeitraum Ende Oktober/Anfang November 2021. Ein Großteil der befragten Unternehmen schätzt die Finanzierungssituation insgesamt als befriedigend oder besser ein. Eigenkapital wird die höchste Relevanz aller Finanzierungsquellen zugesprochen. Obwohl 39% der befragten Unternehmen eine Eigenkapitalerhöhung für Ihr Unternehmen als nötig erachten, haben aktuell nur 14% Überlegungen in diese Richtung. Die Ergebnisse der Studie weisen darauf hin, dass eine Beseitigung der steuerlichen Bevorzugung von Fremdkapital (Debt Bias) einen relevanten Anreiz für Eigenkapitalerhöhungen liefern könnte.
The usage of data gathered for Industry 4.0 and smart factory scenarios continues to be a problem for companies of all sizes. This is often the case because they aim to start with complicated and time-intensive Machine Learning scenarios. This work evaluates the Process Capability Analysis (PCA) as a pragmatic, easy and quick way of leveraging the gathered machine data from the production process. The area of application considered is injection molding. After describing all the required domain knowledge, the paper presents an approach for a continuous analysis of all parts produced. Applying PCA results in multiple key performance indicators that allow for fast and comprehensible process monitoring. The corresponding visualizations provide the quality department with a tool to efficiently choose where and when quality checks need to be performed. The presented case study indicates the benefit of analyzing whole process data instead of considering only selected production samples. The use of machine data enables additional insights to be drawn about process stability and the associated product quality.
The electricity demand due to the increasing number of EVs presents new challenges for the operation of the electricity network, especially for the distribution grids. The existing grid infrastructure may not be sufficient to meet the new demands imposed by the integration of EVs. Thus, EV charging may possibly lead to reliability and stability issues, especially during the peak demand periods. Demand side management (DSM) is a potential and promising approach for mitigation of the resulting impacts. In this work, we developed an autonomous DSM strategy for optimal charging of EVs to minimize the charging cost and we conducted a simulation study to evaluate the impacts to the grid operation. The proposed approach only requires a one way communicated incentive. Real profiles from an Austrian study on mobility behavior are used to simulate the usage of the EVs. Furthermore, real smart meter data are used to simulate the household base load profiles and a real low voltage grid topology is considered in the load flow simulation. Day-ahead electricity stock market prices are used as the incentive to drive the optimization. The results for the optimum charging strategy is determined and compared to uncontrolled EV charging. The results for the optimum charging strategy show a potential cost saving of about 30.8% compared to uncontrolled EV charging. Although autonomous DSM of EVs achieves a shift of load as pursued, distribution grid operation may be substantially affected by it. We show that in the case of real time price driven operation, voltage drops and elevated peak to average powers result from the coincident charging of vehicles during favourable time slots.
A new software tool, called AWG-Channel-Spacing, is developed to calculate accurate channel spacing of an arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) optical multiplexer/demultiplexer. This tool has been developed with the application framework QT in the programming language C++. The tool was evaluated with a design of 20-channel 200 GHz AWG. The achieved simulated transmission characteristics prove the correct functionality of the tool.
By a simple femtosecond laser process, we fabricated metal-oxide/gold composite films for electrical and optical gas sensors. We designed a dripple wavelength AWG-spectrometer, matched to the plasma absorption wavelength region of the composite films. H2/CO absorptions fit well with the AWG design for multi gas detection sensor arrays
A new software tool, called AWG-Wuckler, is developed to calculate geometric parameters of arrayed waveguide grating structures for telecommunication and medical applications. These parameters are crucial for a AWG layout which will be created and simulated using commercial photonic design tools. The design process of AWG is very complex because its geometric dimensions depend on a large number of input design parameters and other input design parameters. Often geometric constraints require an adjustment of the input design parameters and vice versa. Calculation and adjustment of the geometric parameters is a time-consuming process that is currently not fully supported by any commercial photonic tool. AWG-Wuckler tool overcomes this issue and offers a fast and easy to use solution. The tool was already applied in various AWG designs and is technologically well proven.
Bilder als Affektgeneratoren
(2020)
Budo als Oberbegriff für die traditionellen Kampfkünste, eigentlich namentlich Japans, aber hier im weiteren Sinne alle Kampf- und Bewegungskünste Asiens, die sich als Weg und nicht Sport begreifen, ist in den letzten Jahren vermehrt Gegenstand der öffentlichen Diskussion. Jüngere Veröffentlichungen zum Thema nehmen das historisch, philosophisch, psychologisch und pädagogisch Besondere und sich vom modernen Kampfsport gänzlich Unterscheidende in den Blick, ohne dass allerdings weiterhin begrifflich und inhaltlich falsche Vorstellungen durch die absurde Vereinnahmung der allein dem Budo zugeschrieben Wesenszüge und Wirkweisen in sog. "Budo-Sport"-Verbänden immer mehr verbreiten. Gerade so, als könne man dem modernen Kampfsport durch den Zusatz "Budo" (der suggerieren soll, man beziehe sich auf dessen Wesentliche, "Geistige") etwa einen ehrwürdig-traditionellen Charakter verleihen und den Wettkampfsport bereichern, gar ethisch aufwerten.
Insofern bedarf es immer noch oder immer mehr der Aufklärung darüber, was denn das eigentliche Wesen und Wirken von Budo überhaupt ausmacht, um dem Ganzen gerecht zu werden. Dabei soll sich dieses Buch nun weniger auf die historische, seit der Edo-Periode (1600-1868) vor allem vom Zen-Buddhismus (neben Konfuzianismus und Taoismus sowie Shaolin) geprägte Entwicklung von Budo aus den alten Kriegskünsten (Bugei und Bujutsu) eingehen, als auf das nunmehr auch heute noch Wesentliche und "Spezielle".
Budo als spirituelle wie praktisch-philosophische Weg-Lehre und dadurch Kampf-"Kunst" kann, recht verstanden, ein einzigartiger Schatz in der Theorie und Praxis des Studiums von "Kampf" und "Kämpfen-Können" sowie des Selbst sein, und am Ende auch des eigenen Lebens. Budo wirkt!
Es ist ein auf Bewegung, Begegnung und Besinnung angelegtes bewährtes ganzheitliches Instrument der Selbsterziehung, Charakterschulung und Persönlichkeitsentwicklung und als originärer Weg ("Do") zum "Friedvollen Krieger" eine konkrete Anleitung zu körperlicher, seelischer, geistiger, d.h. psycho-physischer wie psycho-emotionaler Selbstbeherrschung, die auf der Grundlage von stetig geübter Achtsamkeit und Wertschätzung in der Meisterschaft zu Einsicht und Gewaltverzicht führt. In diesem Buch wird das Thema Budo, sein Wesen und Wirken, aus Erfahrung und wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis heraus analysiert, um ein ebenso weitergehendes wie tieferes Verständnis von der Sache zu fördern.
Die Autoren (Vorstellung im entsprechenden Kapitel hinten), allesamt!
Digitalization is changing business models and operational processes. At the same time, improved data availability and powerful analytical methods are influencing controlling and increasingly require the use of statistical and information technology skills and knowledge. Using a case study from marketing controlling, the article shows the use of business analytics methods and addresses the tasks of controlling in the digital age.
Die Digitalisierung verändert Geschäftsmodelle und betriebliche Prozesse. Zugleich beeinflussen auch eine verbesserte Datenverfügbarkeit und leistungsfähige analytische Methoden das Controlling und erfordern vermehrt das Einbringen statistischer und informationstechnologischer Fertigkeiten und Kenntnisse. An einem Fallbeispiel aus dem Marketing-Controlling zeigt der Beitrag den Einsatz von Methoden der Business Analytics und thematisiert die Aufgaben des Controllings im digitalen Zeitalter.
In this study, we carried out the structural and thermal characterization of a medical-grade poly (lactide) (PLA) by SEC, TGA, DSC, NMR, ICP-MS and Py-GC/MS. Moreover, we investigated the laser-induced degradation occurring when ultrashort laser pulses (ULP) were employed to cut extremely thin polymer films prepared by solvent-casting. ULP polymer cutting technology is an interesting manufacturing process for its advantages in potential medical applications. In fact, heat transmission to the region surrounding the cuts is limited, so that the incisions are precise and the effects on the regions around them are small. In this way, the need for post-processing is reduced and ULP cutting becomes interesting for industrial applications. However, degradation induced by ULP may occur and compromise the properties of the polymer samples. To investigate this possibility, portions of PLA films, ultrashort laser cut (ULC) and uncut, were analysed by SEC, DSC, NMR and FTIR. Furthermore, PLA oligomers were studied by ESI-MS. Both SEC and NMR showed a decrease in the molecular weight. FTIR, ESI-MS and NMR spectra revealed the presence of olefin end groups originated from a \beta-H transfer mechanism, induced by heat and/or light (Norrish II mechanism). Additionally, the inspection of the ESI mass spectra highlighted the cleavage of ester bonds related to the Norrish I type mechanism, undetected by the other techniques.
Die Checkliste „Pflegedokumentation“ basiert auf einer Literaturrecherche. Verschiedene Artikel bildeten die Grundlage für die Kriterien der Checkliste „Defäkation in der Pflegedokumentation“. Anhand dieser Checkliste wird untersucht, ob die genannten Items in der Pflegedokumentation enthalten sind und wenn ja, ob diese dann auch tatsächlich ausgefüllt und welche begründeten Rückschlüsse daraus gezogen werden und wie die Umsetzung überprüft wird und Maßnahmen ggfs angepasst werden. Z.B. Möglichkeiten der Erprobung bestimmter Interventionen gut dokumentieren.
Die Checkliste „Sanitäre Einrichtung“ (Toilette, Badezimmer) basiert auf einer aktuellen Literaturstudie. Anhand verschiedener Fachtermen wurden in unterschiedlichen Datenbanken nach relevanten Artikeln gesucht, diese in Bezug auf die Fragestellung „Kriterien, die eine sanitäre Einrichtung (Toilette / Badezimmer) für Menschen in einer stationären Altenpflegeeinrichtung erfüllen muss“ analysiert und die entsprechenden geforderten Kriterien in die Checkliste aufgenommen.
In this paper, the design of three-dimensional configuration of Y-branch splitter is compared with Multimode Interference splitter. Both splitters use the IP-Dip polymer as a standard material for 3D laser lithography. The optical properties of the splitters for both approaches are discussed and compared.
This paper describes two different designs of 1×8 passive optical splitters. The first splitter consists of cascade arranged directional waveguide branches (Y-branch splitter) with (0.8×0.16) µm2 waveguide cross-section. The second splitter is based on multimode interference occurring in a large MMI coupler, which uses a self-imaging effect for beam propagation, exhibiting the same waveguide core size as a Y-branch splitter. The waveguide channel profile, used in both approaches, is based on a silicon nitride material platform, with a refractive index of core being nc = 1.925 and a refractive index of cladding ncl = 1.4575. The splitters are designed as a planar structure for a medical operating wavelength 850 nm. Design, simulation, and optimization of passive optical components are performed by a commercial photonic software tool BeamPROP simulation engine by RSoft Photonics Suite tool, employing beam propagation method. This work aims to find the minimum physical dimensions of the designed splitters with the satisfactory optical performance. According to the minimum insertion loss and minimum non-uniformity, the optimum length of the splitters is determined. Finally, the optical properties of splitters for both approaches are discussed and compared with each other.