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Through mandatory ESG (environmental, social, governance) reporting large companies must disclose their ESG activities showing how sustainability risks are incorporated in their decision-making and production processes. This disclosure obligation, however, does not apply to small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), creating a gap in the ESG dataset. Banks are therefore required to collect sustainability data of their SME customers independently to ensure complete ESG integration in the risk analysis process for loans. In this paper, we examine ESG risk analysis through a smart science approach laying the focus on possible value outcomes of sustainable smart services for banks as well as for their (SME) customers. The paper describes ESG factors, how services can be derived from them, targeted metrics of ESG and an ESG Service Creation Framework (business ecosystem building, process model, and value creation). The description of an exemplary use case highlighting the necessary ecosystem for service creation as well as the created value concludes the paper.
Smart services disrupt business models and have the potential to stimulate the circular economy transition of regions, enabling an environmentally friendly atmosphere for sustainable and innovation-driven growth of regions. Although smart services are powerful means for deploying circular economy goals in industrial practices, there is little systematic guidance on how the adoption of smart services could improve resource efficiency and stimulate smart regional innovation-driven growth, enabled through circular design. Implemented in the scope of Vorarlberg’s smart specialization strategy, this paper contributes to the literature on the circular economy and regional innovation-driven growth by assessing critical factors of the value creation and value capture implemented within the scope of the quadruple helix system. By identifying the main challenges and opportunities of collaborative value creation and value capture in setting-up smart circular economy strategies and by assessing the role of innovation actors within the quadruple helix innovation system, the study provides recommendations and set of guidelines for managers and public authorities in managing circular transition. Finally, based on the analysis of the role of actors in creating shared value and scaling-up smart circular economy practices in the quadruple helix innovation systems, the paper investigates the role of banks as enablers of circular economy innovation-driven regional growth and smart value creation.
The ESG Service Creation Framework represents an innovative approach to the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations of the financial industry. It is designed to support the identification of the stakeholders in the service ecosystem and the potential of value co-creation. This work is concerned with the practical evaluation of the ESG Service Creation Framework. For this purpose, a series of expert interviews with specialists from the German-speaking financial sector were conducted, the evaluation of which is incorporated into the revision of the framework. The insights of the interviews, on the one hand, indicate the usefulness for such a framework especially for stakeholders less familiar with innovation processes. On the other hand, several suggestions for improvement were collected. The latter results are adopted to build an improved version of the framework and culminate in an illustrative service creation example. The evaluation of the framework, and the collection of valuable feedback contributes to the advancement of sustainable financial practices as well as the integration of ESG factors into corresponding products and services.
