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Background: Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death worldwide. Although knowledge regarding diagnosing and treating cardiovascular disease has increased dramatically, secondary prevention remains insufficiently implemented due to failure among affected individuals to adhere to guideline recommendations. This has continued to lead to high morbidity and mortality rates. Involving patients in their healthcare and facilitating their active roles in their chronic disease management is an opportunity to meet the needs of the increasing number of cardio-vascular patients. However, simple recall of advice regarding a more preventive lifestyle does not affect sustainable behavioral lifestyle changes. We investigate the effect of plaque visualization combined with low-threshold daily lifestyle tasks using the smartphone app PreventiPlaque to evaluate change in cardiovascular risk profile. Methods: and study design: This randomized, controlled clinical trial includes 240 participants with ultrasound evidence of atherosclerotic plaque in one or both carotid arteries, defined as focal thickening of the vessel wall measuring 50% more than the regular vessel wall. A criterion for participation is access to a smartphone suitable for app usage. The participants are randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. While both groups receive the standard of care, the intervention group has additional access to the PreventiPlaque app during the 12-month follow-up. The app includes daily tasks that promote a healthier lifestyle in the areas of smoking cessation, medication adherence, physical activity, and diet. The impact of plaque visualization and app use on the change in cardiovascular risk profile is assessed by SCORE2. Feasibility and effectiveness of the PreventiPlaque app are evaluated using standardized and validated measures for patient feedback.
Production and tribological characterization of tailored laser-induced surface 3D microtextures
(2019)
Over the last years, polymers have gained great attention as substrate material, because of the possibility to produce low-cost sensors in a high-throughput manner or for rapid prototyping and the wide variety of polymeric materials available with different features (like transparency, flexibility, stretchability, etc.). For almost all biosensing applications, the interaction between biomolecules (for example, antibodies, proteins or enzymes) and the employed substrate surface is highly important. In order to realize an effective biomolecule immobilization on polymers, different surface activation techniques, including chemical and physical methods, exist. Among them, plasma treatment offers an easy, fast and effective activation of the surfaces by micro/nanotexturing and generating functional groups (including carboxylic acids, amines, esters, aldehydes or hydroxyl groups). Hence, here we present a systematic and comprehensive plasma activation study of various polymeric surfaces by optimizing different parameters, including power, time, substrate temperature and gas composition. Thereby, the highest immobilization efficiency along with a homogenous biomolecule distribution is achieved with a 5-min plasma treatment under a gas composition of 50% oxygen and nitrogen, at a power of 1000 W and a substrate temperature of 80 C. These results are also confirmed by different surface characterization methods, including SEM, XPS and contact angle measurements.
Brainstorming ist ein Mythos
(2021)
Ethikorientiert entscheiden
(2021)