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The thorny issue of time
(2023)
The main aims of this work are the validation of the developed process of gluing a single-mode optical fiber array with a photonic chip and the selection of a more suitable adhesive from the two adhesives being compared. An active alignment system was used for adjusting the two optical fiber arrays to a photonics chip. The gluing was done by two compared UV curable adhesives applied in the optical path. The insertion losses of glued coupling were measured and investigated at two discrete wavelengths 1310 nm and 1550 nm during temperature testing in the climatic chamber according to Telcordia GR_1209_Corei04 [3]. The measurement, investigation, and comparison of insertion losses of the glued coupling at the spectral band from 1530 nm to 1570 nm were done immediately after gluing process and after three temperature cycles in the climatic chamber with one month delay.
Tap or swipe
(2023)
Through mandatory ESG (environmental, social, governance) reporting large companies must disclose their ESG activities showing how sustainability risks are incorporated in their decision-making and production processes. This disclosure obligation, however, does not apply to small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), creating a gap in the ESG dataset. Banks are therefore required to collect sustainability data of their SME customers independently to ensure complete ESG integration in the risk analysis process for loans. In this paper, we examine ESG risk analysis through a smart science approach laying the focus on possible value outcomes of sustainable smart services for banks as well as for their (SME) customers. The paper describes ESG factors, how services can be derived from them, targeted metrics of ESG and an ESG Service Creation Framework (business ecosystem building, process model, and value creation). The description of an exemplary use case highlighting the necessary ecosystem for service creation as well as the created value concludes the paper.
Strain-induced dynamic control over the population of quantum emitters in two-dimensional materials
(2023)
The discovery of quantum emitters in two-dimensional materials has triggered a surge of research to assess their suitability for quantum photonics. While their microscopic origin is still the subject of intense studies, ordered arrays of quantum emitters are routinely fabricated using static strain-gradients, which are used to drive excitons toward localized regions of the 2D crystals where quantum-light-emission takes place. However, the possibility of using strain in a dynamic fashion to control the appearance of individual quantum emitters has never been explored so far. In this work, we tackle this challenge by introducing a novel hybrid semiconductor-piezoelectric device in which WSe2 monolayers are integrated onto piezoelectric pillars delivering both static and dynamic strains. Static strains are first used to induce the formation of quantum emitters, whose emission shows photon anti-bunching. Their excitonic population and emission energy are then reversibly controlled via the application of a voltage to the piezoelectric pillar. Numerical simulations combined with drift-diffusion equations show that these effects are due to a strain-induced modification of the confining-potential landscape, which in turn leads to a net redistribution of excitons among the different quantum emitters. Our work provides relevant insights into the role of strain in the formation of quantum emitters in 2D materials and suggests a method to switch them on and off on demand.
The role of entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs in the current zeitgeist is to drive innovation, re-shape rigid, established processes in business as well as for consumers. They use new viewpoints to pioneer new (business) models which focus on ‘smartness’ rather than the purely monetary and short-sighted models of yesteryear. Fostering and supporting the culture of this current zeitgeist is a mayor challenge for entre- and intrapreneurial support infrastructures, namely startup centres and innovation hubs of universities and other public institutions as well as innovation centres of private companies. Hereby, support may range from access to funding over provision of resources such as offices or computing hardware to coaching in the development of business ideas and strategic roadmaps for product and service deployment. In this paper, we focus on describing the status-quo of afore- mentioned support infrastructures in Vorarlberg and the Lake Constance region, then extend the scope to existing (international) approaches for aiding founders and inno- vators in the development of smart services. An analysis of success stories of the Vorarlberg startup centre ‘startupstube’ and other initiatives including their compar- ison to international counterparts builds the basis for a methodological framework for (service science) coaching in entre- and intrapreneurial support infrastructures. The paper is concluded by the description of a framework for choosing the right methods and tools to create service value in entre-/intrapreneurship based upon tested, proven know-how and for defining support infrastructure needs based upon pre-defined stakeholder and target groups as well as the (industry) sectors of the innovators.
Signatures of the optical stark effect on entangled photon pairs from resonantly-pumped quantum dots
(2023)
Two-photon resonant excitation of the biexciton-exciton cascade in a quantum dot generates highly polarization-entangled photon pairs in a near-deterministic way. However, the ultimate level of achievable entanglement is still debated. Here, we observe the impact of the laser-induced ac-Stark effect on the quantum dot emission spectra and on entanglement. For increasing pulse-duration-to-lifetime ratios and pump powers, decreasing values of concurrence are recorded. Nonetheless, additional contributions are still required to fully account for the observed below-unity concurrence.
Parametric anti-resonance is a phenomenon that occurs in systems with at least two degrees of freedom; this can be achieved by periodically exciting some parameters of the system. The effect of this properly tuned periodicity is to increase the dissipation in the system, which leads to a raising in the effective damping of vibrations. This contribution presents the design of an open-loop control to reduce the settling time using the anti-resonance concept. The control signal consists of a quasi-periodic signal capable of transferring the system’s oscillations from one mode to another mode of the system. The general averaging technique is used to characterize the dynamics, particularly the so-called slow dynamics of motion. With this analysis, the control signal is designed for the potential application of a microelectromechanical sensor arrangement; for this specific example, up to 96.8% reduction of settling time is achieved.