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Physiological modeling of exhaled compounds

  • Blood flow and ventilatory flow strongly influence the concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. The physicochemical properties of a compound (e.g., water solubility) additionally determine if the concentration of the compound in breath reflects the alveolar concentration, the concentration in the upper airways, or a mixture of both. Mathematical modeling based on mass balance equations helps to understand how measured breath concentrations are related to their corresponding blood concentrations and physiological parameters, such as metabolic rates and endogenous production rates. In addition, the influence of inhaled compounds on their exhaled concentrations can be quantified and appropriate correction formulas can be derived. Isoprene and acetone, two endogenous VOCs with very different water solubility, have been modeled to explain the essential features of their behavior in breath. This chapter introduces the theory of physiological modeling of exhaled VOCs, with examples of isoprene and acetone.

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Author:Julian King, Pawel Mochalski, Gerald Teschl, Susanne Teschl, Christopher A. Mayhew, Ramin Ghorbani, Florian M. Schmidt, Karl Unterkofler
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819967-1.00003-7
ISBN:978-0-12-819967-1
Parent Title (English):Breathborne biomarkers and the human volatilome
Publisher:Elsevier
Place of publication:Amsterdam
Editor:Jonathan Beauchamp, Cristina Davis, Joachim Pleil
Document Type:Part of a Book
Language:English
Year of publication:2020
Release Date:2021/01/13
Edition:2. Auflage
First Page:43
Last Page:62
Organisationseinheit:Technik / Department of Computer Science (Ende 2021 aufgelöst; Integration in die übergeordnete OE Technik)
Forschung / Forschungszentrum Business Informatics
Technik / Technik | Engineering & Technology
DDC classes:500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
Open Access?:nein
Peer review:wiss. Beitrag, peer-reviewed
Publicationlist:Unterkofler, Karl